Articles | Volume 2, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-73-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-73-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
History of primate behavioural and ecological field research at the German Primate Center
Verhaltensökologie & Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
J. U. Ganzhorn
Zoologisches Institut, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
Related authors
Raul Bello, Eckhard Heymann, and Sam Pottie
Primate Biol., 9, 29–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A camera trap captured the moment in which a group of collared peccaries attacked and killed a howler monkey at a clay lick in the Taricaya Ecological Reserve, Madre de Dios, Peru. This novel behaviour helps us understand the myriad risks howler monkeys face when descending to the forest floor while also indirectly emphasizing the importance of geophagy for these animals.
Elvis Charpentier, Gabriel García-Mendoza, José Cruz-Guimaraes, Rolando Aquino, and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 9, 19–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-19-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-19-2022, 2022
Short summary
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Despite many explorations and surveys, the geographic distribution of many primate species, particularly in the neotropics, is not yet well known. In this paper, we provide evidence that extends the range of Spix's saddle-back tamarin in Peru.
Gurjit K. Theara, Juan Ruíz Macedo, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Eckhard W. Heymann, and Sofya Dolotovskaya
Primate Biol., 9, 7–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As part of our study on coppery titi monkeys in the Peruvian Amazon, we observed an individual rubbing his belly with leaves from a potentially medicinal plant. He climbed down from high above and grabbed a handful of leaves from an understory tree, which made it look like a deliberate action. Sitting on a liana he then chewed on the leaves before rubbing them slowly on his belly for a couple of minutes. The plant genus is known in traditional medicine and is used for various effects.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 9, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the status of a tamarin specimen housed at the American Museum of Natural History that is wrongly labelled as Saguinus fuscicollis tripartitus and might represent a species or subspecies unknown so far or a hybrid.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 8, 15–17, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-15-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-15-2021, 2021
Constanze Ohlendorf and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 7, 19–23, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-19-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-19-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In order to contribute to the discussion on the presence of a grooming claw in New World monkeys, we examined living animals, museum specimens and photos of saki monkeys, genus Pithecia. We found that some individuals may possess a grooming claw or at least a grooming claw-like nail on the second toe, while others do not.
Sofya Dolotovskaya, Camilo Flores Amasifuen, Caroline Elisabeth Haas, Fabian Nummert, and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 6, 59–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Reactions to predators vary a lot in primates and can be passive (hiding, fleeing) or active (mobbing, alarm calls). Due to their secretive lifestyle, Neotropical titi monkeys are thought to use mainly passive crypsis and hiding as anti-predator responses. Predator mobbing has been reported only for one titi species, Callicebus nigrifrons. We report mobbing of an ocelot and Boa constrictor in red titi monkeys and Plecturocebus cupreus, and alarm calling as a reaction to tayras and raptors.
Rosario Huashuayo-Llamocca and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 4, 127–130, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We report observations fur-rubbing with leaves from the spiked pepper plant, Piper aduncum, in the San Martín titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe. As leaf extracts from this plant include insecticidal compounds, we interpret this behaviour as a defense against ectoparasites. Our observations expand the number of primate species for which this kind of self-medication is reported.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 4, 69–70, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-69-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-69-2017, 2017
Raul Bello, Eckhard Heymann, and Sam Pottie
Primate Biol., 9, 29–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A camera trap captured the moment in which a group of collared peccaries attacked and killed a howler monkey at a clay lick in the Taricaya Ecological Reserve, Madre de Dios, Peru. This novel behaviour helps us understand the myriad risks howler monkeys face when descending to the forest floor while also indirectly emphasizing the importance of geophagy for these animals.
Elvis Charpentier, Gabriel García-Mendoza, José Cruz-Guimaraes, Rolando Aquino, and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 9, 19–22, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-19-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-19-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Despite many explorations and surveys, the geographic distribution of many primate species, particularly in the neotropics, is not yet well known. In this paper, we provide evidence that extends the range of Spix's saddle-back tamarin in Peru.
Gurjit K. Theara, Juan Ruíz Macedo, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Eckhard W. Heymann, and Sofya Dolotovskaya
Primate Biol., 9, 7–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As part of our study on coppery titi monkeys in the Peruvian Amazon, we observed an individual rubbing his belly with leaves from a potentially medicinal plant. He climbed down from high above and grabbed a handful of leaves from an understory tree, which made it look like a deliberate action. Sitting on a liana he then chewed on the leaves before rubbing them slowly on his belly for a couple of minutes. The plant genus is known in traditional medicine and is used for various effects.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 9, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the status of a tamarin specimen housed at the American Museum of Natural History that is wrongly labelled as Saguinus fuscicollis tripartitus and might represent a species or subspecies unknown so far or a hybrid.
Dietmar Zinner, Matthias Klapproth, Andrea Schell, Lisa Ohrndorf, Desalegn Chala, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, and Julia Fischer
Primate Biol., 8, 19–35, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-19-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-19-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Baboons occur in a large range of different habitats. However, data on the ecology of Guinea baboons were scarce. We provide information on the ranging behaviour, habitat use, and diet of a population of Guinea baboons in the Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal. Home ranges were about 25 km2, and they moved up to 13 km per day. They seem to prefer the more forested parts of their home range near the river. Fruit dominates their diet, and the nuts of the palmyra palm are a year-round food source.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 8, 15–17, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-15-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-15-2021, 2021
Constanze Ohlendorf and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 7, 19–23, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-19-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-19-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In order to contribute to the discussion on the presence of a grooming claw in New World monkeys, we examined living animals, museum specimens and photos of saki monkeys, genus Pithecia. We found that some individuals may possess a grooming claw or at least a grooming claw-like nail on the second toe, while others do not.
Sofya Dolotovskaya, Camilo Flores Amasifuen, Caroline Elisabeth Haas, Fabian Nummert, and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 6, 59–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Reactions to predators vary a lot in primates and can be passive (hiding, fleeing) or active (mobbing, alarm calls). Due to their secretive lifestyle, Neotropical titi monkeys are thought to use mainly passive crypsis and hiding as anti-predator responses. Predator mobbing has been reported only for one titi species, Callicebus nigrifrons. We report mobbing of an ocelot and Boa constrictor in red titi monkeys and Plecturocebus cupreus, and alarm calling as a reaction to tayras and raptors.
Rosario Huashuayo-Llamocca and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 4, 127–130, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We report observations fur-rubbing with leaves from the spiked pepper plant, Piper aduncum, in the San Martín titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe. As leaf extracts from this plant include insecticidal compounds, we interpret this behaviour as a defense against ectoparasites. Our observations expand the number of primate species for which this kind of self-medication is reported.
Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 4, 69–70, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-69-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-69-2017, 2017
Related subject area
Behaviour
Male-biased dominance in greater bamboo lemurs (Prolemur simus)
Report of an attack on a howler monkey Alouatta sara by a group of collared peccaries Dicotyles tajacu at a mammal clay lick in Madre de Dios, Peru
Fur rubbing in Plecturocebus cupreus – an incidence of self-medication?
Masturbation in a male Phayre's langur, Trachypithecus phayrei
Life on the edge: behavioural and physiological responses of Verreaux's sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi) to forest edges
Potential self-medication by brown titi monkeys, Plecturocebus brunneus, in an urban fragment forest in the Brazilian Amazon
Postural behavior of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range
Active anti-predator behaviour of red titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus)
Self-anointing behaviour in captive titi monkeys (Callicebus spp.)
Estimation of baboon daily travel distances by means of point sampling – the magnitude of underestimation
Fur-rubbing with Piper leaves in the San Martín titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe
Olive baboons' (Papio anubis) response towards crowned eagles (Stephanoaetus coronatus) at Lake Manyara National Park
Age-dependent change of coalitionary strategy in male Barbary macaques
Female infanticide and female-directed lethal targeted aggression in a group of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta)
Meat sharing between male and female Guinea baboons (Papio papio)
Tree shrews at the German Primate Center
Dry season drinking from terrestrial man-made watering holes in arboreal wild Temminck's red colobus, The Gambia
Do wild titi monkeys show empathy?
Lilith Sidler, Johanna Rode-White, and Peter M. Kappeler
Primate Biol., 11, 13–17, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-11-13-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-11-13-2024, 2024
Short summary
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Reports of male dominance in greater bamboo lemurs were not supported by data. We studied agonistic behavior in one captive group and could confirm this assertion, which sets this species apart from all other group-living lemurs.
Raul Bello, Eckhard Heymann, and Sam Pottie
Primate Biol., 9, 29–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-29-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A camera trap captured the moment in which a group of collared peccaries attacked and killed a howler monkey at a clay lick in the Taricaya Ecological Reserve, Madre de Dios, Peru. This novel behaviour helps us understand the myriad risks howler monkeys face when descending to the forest floor while also indirectly emphasizing the importance of geophagy for these animals.
Gurjit K. Theara, Juan Ruíz Macedo, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Eckhard W. Heymann, and Sofya Dolotovskaya
Primate Biol., 9, 7–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-9-7-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As part of our study on coppery titi monkeys in the Peruvian Amazon, we observed an individual rubbing his belly with leaves from a potentially medicinal plant. He climbed down from high above and grabbed a handful of leaves from an understory tree, which made it look like a deliberate action. Sitting on a liana he then chewed on the leaves before rubbing them slowly on his belly for a couple of minutes. The plant genus is known in traditional medicine and is used for various effects.
Md Shalauddin, Md Jayedul Islam, and Tanvir Ahmed
Primate Biol., 8, 43–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-43-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-43-2021, 2021
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We report the first masturbatory behaviour in a male Phayre's langur, in a semi-evergreen forest in Bangladesh. We discuss possible reasons for masturbation and suggest an adequate characterization of the socio-sexual behaviour and reproductive strategies of this globally endangered primate to demonstrate the causes, cost and consequences of masturbation. We also urge further scientific exploration into masturbation among primates due to its evolutionary and conservation significance.
Klara Dinter, Michael Heistermann, Peter M. Kappeler, and Claudia Fichtel
Primate Biol., 8, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-8-1-2021, 2021
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We examined the influence of forest edge effects on activity budgets, feeding ecology, and stress hormone output in five groups of Verreaux’s sifakas (Propithecus verreauxi) in western Madagascar. Sifakas in the edge habitat travelled more, tended to have smaller home ranges, had lower fruit consumption, higher stress hormone levels, and lower birth rates than sifakas in the forest interior. Hence, Verreaux’s sifakas appear to be sensitive to microhabitat characteristics linked to forest edges.
Brenda Letícia Pereira Oliveira, João Pedro Souza-Alves, and Marcela Alvares Oliveira
Primate Biol., 7, 35–39, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-35-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-35-2020, 2020
Bernardo Urbani, Dionisios Youlatos, and Martín M. Kowalewski
Primate Biol., 7, 25–33, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-25-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-7-25-2020, 2020
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Sleep is the longest and most continuous behavioral phase in the 24 h cycle of mammals. However, selection of postures, substrates, and tree parts during sleep has not been adequately explored, as well as their evolutionary consequences. The present study investigates postural behavior, substrate, and tree part use during sleep in three howler species (A. palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) in Nicaragua, French Guiana, and Argentina. All three species were consistent in the use of a crouch.
Sofya Dolotovskaya, Camilo Flores Amasifuen, Caroline Elisabeth Haas, Fabian Nummert, and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 6, 59–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-6-59-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Reactions to predators vary a lot in primates and can be passive (hiding, fleeing) or active (mobbing, alarm calls). Due to their secretive lifestyle, Neotropical titi monkeys are thought to use mainly passive crypsis and hiding as anti-predator responses. Predator mobbing has been reported only for one titi species, Callicebus nigrifrons. We report mobbing of an ocelot and Boa constrictor in red titi monkeys and Plecturocebus cupreus, and alarm calling as a reaction to tayras and raptors.
João Pedro Souza-Alves, Natasha M. Albuquerque, Luana Vinhas, Thayane S. Cardoso, Raone Beltrão-Mendes, and Leandro Jerusalinsky
Primate Biol., 5, 1–5, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-5-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-5-1-2018, 2018
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These data come from the major study on gut passage with two primate species (Callicebus coimbrai and Callicebus barbarabrownae) enclosed in the Zoobotanical Park localized in the north-eastern Brazil. During the sampling period, we have decided to obtain self-anointing and laterality data. Due to the presence of large glands in C. coimbrai and C. barbarabrownae chests, we cautiously suggest that the use of Bauhinia may be linked to olfactory communication.
Holger Sennhenn-Reulen, Langhalima Diedhiou, Matthias Klapproth, and Dietmar Zinner
Primate Biol., 4, 143–151, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-143-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-143-2017, 2017
Rosario Huashuayo-Llamocca and Eckhard W. Heymann
Primate Biol., 4, 127–130, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-127-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We report observations fur-rubbing with leaves from the spiked pepper plant, Piper aduncum, in the San Martín titi monkey, Callicebus oenanthe. As leaf extracts from this plant include insecticidal compounds, we interpret this behaviour as a defense against ectoparasites. Our observations expand the number of primate species for which this kind of self-medication is reported.
Filipa M. D. Paciência, Deusdedith Baluya, Pay Mbaryo, Sascha Knauf, and Dietmar Zinner
Primate Biol., 4, 101–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-101-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-101-2017, 2017
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Here we report two encounters between olive baboons (Papio anubis) and crowned eagles (Stephanoaetus coronatus), a potential predator, at Lake Manyara National Park, Tanzania. On both events, baboons gave alarm calls while infants got close to adults and juveniles ran to cover. Adult males approached the eagles and chased them away. The baboons’ reactions indeed support the assumption that crowned eagles pose a threat, at least for juvenile baboons.
Eva-Maria Rathke, Andreas Berghänel, Annie Bissonnette, Julia Ostner, and Oliver Schülke
Primate Biol., 4, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-1-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-4-1-2017, 2017
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Coalitions are a specific case of cooperative competition and have been explained by various factors like partner availability, distribution of fighting ability, or cost of coordination. We investigated if age is an important factor influencing coalition formation and, specifically, if males switch from a solo strategy to a cooperative one after reaching post-prime age. We found that older males formed more coalitions than younger ones, stressing the importance of age in cooperative competition.
Klara Kittler and Silvio Dietzel
Primate Biol., 3, 41–46, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-3-41-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-3-41-2016, 2016
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We report on extremely rare events of group eviction and eventually lethal aggression in a group of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) that were targeted against the two highest-ranking females. These events erupted after an infanticide by the highest-ranking female directed at the offspring of a subordinate. We suggest that this aggressive changeover of power between two matrilines was based on the growing group size and was an act of female reproductive competition during birth season.
A. S. Goffe and J. Fischer
Primate Biol., 3, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-3-1-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-3-1-2016, 2016
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We describe the acquisition, sharing and consumption of meat by wild Guinea baboons. Males were the hunters and shared meat passively only with females in their social and reproductive units. Females were able to acquire meat from sharing episodes and by scavenging from their male social partners. The presence of existing social bonds, rather than short-term exchanges of meat for sex, is likely a driving factor in the occurrence of meat sharing between males and females in this species.
E. Fuchs
Primate Biol., 2, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-111-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-111-2015, 2015
A. P. Hillyer, R. Armstrong, and A. H. Korstjens
Primate Biol., 2, 21–24, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-21-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-2-21-2015, 2015
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Terrestrial drinking is not normally reported for arboreal primates. Here we report observations of terrestrial drinking from man-made watering holes by Temminck’s red colobus (Piliocolobus badius temminckii) at two sites in The Gambia. Our observations show that shallow man-made watering holes, not harbouring predators, were used by different age classes. The implications of this behaviour for this endangered subspecies and the trend of increasing temperatures in The Gambia are discussed.
A. Clyvia, M. C. Kaizer, R. V. Santos, R. J. Young, and C. Cäsar
Primate Biol., 1, 23–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-1-23-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/pb-1-23-2014, 2014
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We report the first case of putative empathic response in titi monkeys (Callibebus). Pair bonds between males and females are typically strong, with substantial time spent grooming and tail twining. In an intriguing and unexpected observation we recorded an injured adult out-group male travelling with a neighbouring group. The group appeared to adapt travel patterns to allow him to accompany them, provided pro-social behaviour such as grooming and tolerated his presence at their sleeping site
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