Despite effective antiviral therapy, HIV infection frequently leads to blood cell tumors known as lymphoma in the final disease stage. We have observed the same tumors in monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. Tumor development coincided with and was fostered by co-infection with the tumorigenic simian homolog to human Epstein–Barr virus. Two cases of lymphoma are presented, one exhibiting an unusual cell surface marker composition and the other obstructing the urogenital tract.

This article describes the important role of online resources in enabling scientists and others to improve the care and use of non-human primates used in research, through information exchange, staff training and networking. Emphasis is given to key resources from the NC3Rs on macaque and marmoset behaviour, care and welfare; experimental design; chronic implants in neuroscience; and aspects of drug discovery and development. Use of these resources can benefit both animal welfare and science.